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3.1. HARRiSDN.

MET H U D 0F JOINING TUBES.

APPLICATION FILED 06116-1916.

1 ,31 1,392, Patented July 29, 1919.

A TTORNE YS.

R. J. HARRISON. METHOD OF JQINING TUBES. APPLICATi ON FILED OCT. 16.I916.

1,3 1 1,392, Patent-ed July 29, 1919.

' 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

- INVENTOR WITNESSES:

BY M79244 A TTORNE YS.

" ent invention is not concerned Hemp en 95nd State of -ments in Methodsof Joining 'cai process i'tseii we I JL if 4e To all whom it mayconcern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT J. Resins-om a citizen of the United Statesof America,

i'esiciin at Chicopee Fai'is in the coony EAL-msmhuse'zis have'inventeci certain new ssefui improve I .ioes, of which the following.is e eyeeifloeeion.

This invention reietes a meihod op paretus for vuioenizirig or cementingtubes to make them endless by size semi-Red cold or acid process or, the

Gold vulcanization, in so for es the chestis concerned, has longpractised and is now weii known. This process: hes also been applied.heretofore in yuleenizing tubes, such as the inner tuhee of automobileor bicycle tires. The preschemioai side of the cold uieenisetioze oroo-.ess but rather. with e. novei'ood save-vote tion of the who: whiehispeeixieiiieriy qda pted-for use n the coiai viiieemzatioi process. 1 ,v

. I An object ofthe invention is so orovide a methocifof maniia iletingthe on s of a. tube to he joined by the cold vuicex izetion processwhich method invokes a pr ce ium-i series of iently le'p JOil'lt andapplying pressure'theie bo,

Another object of the i2. veiiiioe. is PET;-

vide a. method of pressing together the ieiesoopically lapped ends of atube of elastic material, which method. consist-s in ieo oing thetube-through e split hollow meoiiei, rolling back a portion of she tubewhiio in fiated upon the outer surface, of the drei to bring the lapped.portions 'upon its periphery and iii-binding the joined poitions with anelastic material wrepyfid mriertension to produce a pressure on thejoint.

A further object of the invention is to provide apparatus for use in thedescribed, method which comprises a sepei'ehie hoi- 10w cylindricalmandrel through which the tube may be looped and thereafter roiled backupon the outer periphery of the mem drel-to secure a support forthejoint in the tube. I j

Other obj ems and advantages will; ap- Gall in the descri tion to followanci will e ointed out in t eennexed claims.

'fhe method and apparatus is is.

with the meni ouie opei aiiions for rapidly, comes-- and efiieie'ntiygoinmg tubes. with adhesion of the Easier to the forms:

ELETHQD Jennies V (flviPfil'IXI-nam figzeeifieetien of Letters Fatwa- 3.

Apleiieatien flies Dc-$301522? 2 .6, 182G. eeriailfie.

iiiustmtive' form mes,

in the accompanying drewin which ii /e views 5310*. i v g; tions of theends oi the izube to be joined;

4: 5 'tiei section-e1 ions Si10Wi and eom eieteo one; I e e 6 is eperspective View of e frozii qlirei used for it enipuieting the tube forthe step in the method;

Fig. 7 is Fig. 8 is en endeievetionei View of gilppizeg andsupper-fixing; the is sectional View showir joint of the who positionedon in i'eeciiness for the application see v f s'z zowmg fine i. the 01m.

Referring to these drawings 6 pestieuieziiy to 1, refeience i semis awho, seek the ilmei t eoizomohiie or biegeie for: endsof Whieli igojoined W e joinig by' cei vulcanization. Gee e tub-e, 15 fie-first roiiei. heck so inner suefece thereof for e distenee stentieiiyeqeei "so thelength sized 823d sets-e255 is beck surface 1 Fig, 1. Pr able materiel,inseraed "h the msmi some of the cement fimis its wey the ec'ijeeentsurfaces. *Gement is applied on the'suz':.ece 18 of the other e oi thetube for a like distance 5, tube is then ifiiii aside uni-ii cement, has

set. The cement used is *he oxidising oee .ineni-es employed in dole?vuioenimiion end is too Well known in the em; to requiie iescriptionhere. The steps of the method thus for described may ea'iventegeousiy beaccomplished by e singie opera-tori.

After the a" his on sorfeees 162ml 1 set suiiieienfiy, tube is on toanother onere'to whose oro Rep the cease.

k m w w i reoiziveiy the temporary z a f .v seesioeai view shoeing alejoined tube in place in the maiirei; 7o

steps employed in thus lapping. the ends of the tube are illustrated inFigs. 2 to 5. The end 19 of the tube is first closed ofi temporarily bypressing the tube down with the fingers of one hand into the shape shownin Fig. 2. The operator then with the other hand applies the nozzle of apressure tube (connected to a sourceof compressed air) into the valveopening 20 of tube (Fig. 1) and simultaneouly fits the closed down end19 slightly within the open end of the tube, as shown in Fig. 3. Thuspart of one end of the "tube will adhere to the inner surface of the,g'ether sufficiently to cause them to adhere.

.The cemented surfaces 16 and 18 are preferably then cleaned withnaphtha or the like and next the acid is applied to these surfaces. Thisacid commonly consists of a solution of carbon bis-ulfid and chlorid ofsulflu, but any other suitable Solution may be used as desired. Inasmuchas the chemical process of cold vulcanization is now well understood, itis unnecessary to go into the detail of the chemical process itself.-Assuming that the ends of the tube 15 are now temporarily fastenedtogether as shown in Fig. 4 and that the tube is still blown to form,the cemented surface 16 is rolled back upon the surface 18 so that alapped joint is formed as shown in Fig. 5. The tube is then deflated andpreferably passed on to another operator for the last steps in themethod.

The remaining steps consist in preparing the tube to receive pressureand in applying pressure to the joint continuously during the intervalnecessary for the vulcanization to take place. These steps involve theuse of a mandrel 25 which, as shown in Fig. 6, consists of two matinghollow semi-cylindrical parts 2-6 and 27. The latter have at one end atapered outer surface 28 for a purpose which will later appear andpreferably are provided with some means to prevent relative longitudinalor transverse movement. Thus strips 29 riveted on the outer surfaces ofmember 26 extend a short distance thereabove so that the part 27 may beslipped be- The mandrel which has a bore of substantially the samediameter as that of the tube is then applied to the latter by fittin theparts 26 and 27 together over the in .ated tube as shown in Fig. 7. Thetube is then drawn through the mandrel 25 until, the joined portions liea short distance from the tapered end of the mandrel in substantially thposition shown in Fig. 7. Mandrel 25 is next mounted in a suitable vise,such, for example, as the pipe vise 31, shown in Fig. 8., The particularmeans employed to hold the mandrel may, of course, be anything desiredbut a pipe vise of the type illustrated has been found well suited forexpeditious use. The movable jaw 32 is slida ble' on a frame 33 pivotedon one side at 34 to base 35 and frame 33 is held to the latter on theother side by a hook 36. Th jaw 32 may set with relationv to a fixedmating jaw 37 to approximately the outer diameter of mandrel 25 and thevise may be quickly opened and closed by moving the hinged frame 33which automatically looks with book 36, the jaw 32 being moved only theslight distance necessary to grip or release the mandrel. A clip 39fixed to the lower jaw 37 has a horizontally bent portion which fitswithin the lower half 26 of themandrel, as shown in Fig. 9. Clip 39 actsas a stop to facilitateproper positioning of the mandrel and alsoprevents the letter from falling from the vise when the frame 33 is openlVith themandrel mounted in the vise 31 as described, the tube is theninflated through opening 20 to a slight degree for the purpose ofblowing the tube to form so that it may be readily manipulated for thestep now to be described. The tube thus fills the mandrel. That portionof the tube between the joint and the tapered end of the mandrel isrolled back upon the outer surface of the latter. The tapered surface 10and the inflation of the tube 15 greatly facilitate this operation. Therolling back of the tube as described is analogous to the manner ofturning a stocking inside out wlth the hand. The purpose of-thisoperation is to bring the lapped, superposed anu cemented surfaces 16and 18 entirely over the cylindrical surface of the mandrel as in Fig.9, and, when this has been accomplished, the tube 15 may be deflatedleaving the joint of the tube firmly supported at all points on themandrel. After the joint has been supported as described pressure isapplied thereto at all points until the vulcanization has becomecomplete. One means of.

applying -this pressure, advantageous because of its simplicity andadaptability for rapid operation, consists in winding elastic tape, suchas a rubber band, around the outer periphery of the joint as indicatedat so in lg. 10. The rubber band is stretched as it is wrapped aroundthe joint and may be fastened in the simple manner as by intion, andthis interval commonly is about twenty minutes. At the expiration ofthis time, the tape 40 is unwound, the tube 15 is pulled from themandrel, and the latter is taken apart to be used over a ain.

Thus, an improved method of oining, cementing, orvulcanizing tubes bythe cold or acid process has been provided which method is characterizedby an advantageous procedure of mechanical manipulation of the tube andis particularly adapted for efiicien-t and expeditious use. Theinvention has been described-ina preferred form for illustrativepurposes, but the scope of the invention is defined by the appendedclaims.

What claim i 1. The method of supporting the lapped joint of a tube ofelastic material, which consists in loo ing the tube through a split 0linder, in in ating the tube to form and in tl iereafter rolling back aportion of the tube upon the outer surface of the cylinder to bring thelapped joint thereupon.

2. The method of applying pressure to the lapped joint of a tube offlexible'material which consists in looping the tube through theinterior of a hollow cylinder, ininflating the tube to 'form,in rollingback a portion of the tube upon the outer periphery of the cylinderuntil the lapped joint rests thereon and in thereafter binding the jointto the cylinder by a wrapping of elastic material. L

3. A method of joining tubes of rubber and the like by coldvulcanization which consists in rolling back one end of the tube uponitself for a given distance, in applying cement to the'rolled backsurface and to the other end of the tube for a distance sub stantiallyequal to thefirst-narned distance, in fitting the last named .end to therolled back end of the tube with a butt joint, in applying asuitablecold vulcanizing solution to the cemented portions, in inflating thetube to form, in then bringing the rolled back portion upon the otherend of the tube with the cemented surfaces in. lapped and intimaterelation, in thereafter continuously applying pressure to the jointuntil its vulcanization has .become complete.

4. The method of joining tubes of rubber or the like with atelescopically lapped joint, which consists in rolling back one end ofthe tube upon itself for a given distance, in applying cement to therolled back surface and to the outer surface of the other end of thetube for a distance substantially equal to the rolled back portion, insticking the ends of the tube together with a butt joint, in inflatingthe tube to form and thereafter rolling the rolled back portion overupon the outer periphery of the other end of the tube so that.thecemented sur faces are superposed in intimate relation.

5. The method of'tel'escopically.lapping the ends of 'a tube of rubberor the like which consists in' rolling back one end of the tube uponitself for a given distance, in fitting the other end thereagainst witha butt joint, in inflating the tube to form and in thereafter rollingback the rolled back portion over upon the outer periphery of the otherend of the tube.

- ROBERT J. HARRISON.

